14.1.1 限定性定语从句

一、 限定性定语从句
(一)that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作"不及物动词＋介词"的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置

1. The first doll _____ say "mama"was invented in 1830．
   ［A］ that it could
   ［B］ could it
   ［C］ it could
   ［D］ that could
   
2. A solar day is the length of time _____ the Earth to revolve once around the Sun．
   ［A］ takes
   ［B］ takes it
   ［C］ which takes
   ［D］ he takes
   
3. The period during when ［A］ people learned ［B］ to melt iron is called ［C］ the ［D］ Iron Age．
   

(二)which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢

4. The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, _____ he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.
   ［A］ where
   ［B］ of which
   ［C］ during which
   ［D］ that
   
5. To travel from England to Hope Corn had taken him nine months, _____ the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.
   ［A］ when
   ［B］ which
   ［C］ of which
   ［D］ that
   

(三)代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略(见本节"四、关系代词的省略")
(四)who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语

6. Henry Ford is the person ［A］ which ［B］ is most responsible ［C］ for developing ［D］ the idea of mass production.
   
7. Human beings are social ［A］ animals whom ［B］ usually prefer not to live in ［C］ physical or psychological isolation ［D］ ．
   

(五)where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句

8. The Everglades is a beautiful region of southern Florida _____ the primitive past mingles with modern life．
   ［A］ there
   ［B］ where
   ［C］ after
   ［D］ in
   
9. The knee is the joint _____ the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg．
   ［A］ when
   ［B］ where
   ［C］ why
   ［D］ which
   
10. A metropolitan region ［A］ is defined as a central ［B］ city and the territory where ［C］ surrounds ［D］ it．
    

(六)when引导定语从句表示时间

11. The next morning _____ he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery.
    ［A］ as
    ［B］ when
    ［C］ because
    ［D］ that
    
12. In a day _____ few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, and waiters.
    ［A］ whose
    ［B］ during
    ［C］ when
    ［D］ of
    
13. Moreover, in the modern age _____ human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.
    ［A］ when
    ［B］ whether
    ［C］ more
    ［D］ ever
    
    ［注］ 值得一提的是，表示时间"time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导
    By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. ／ I still remember the first time I met her. ／ Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
    

(七)whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格

14. There was a teapot fashioned like a China duck out of _____ open mouth the tea was supposed to come.
    ［A］ which
    ［B］ its
    ［C］ that
    ［D］ whose
    
15. Jackir Mcleans's recordings have shown that he is one of the few ［A］ jazz musicians who ［B］ style of playing ［C］ has kept pace with the evolution ［D］ of modern jazz．
    

(八)当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导

16. I don't want to concentrate on anything _____ worrying me.
    ［A］ what is
    ［B］ there is
    ［C］ what
    ［D］ there