关系代词that与which的区别
有时在限制性定语从句中关系代词that与which修饰物时它们基本上没有什么区别。
例如：
1．The finger that（which）the professon into his mouth was not the one that（which）he had dipped into the cup．
2．The book that（which） you lent me yesterday is very interesting．
3．I can't forget the happy hours that（which） we spent in the SummerPalace a few days ago．
但下面几点需特别注意：
一、关系代词that仅用在限制性定语从句中，它既可修饰单数名词，也可修饰复数名词，通常不用逗号隔开。例如：
1．That is the book that I bought yesterday．
2．There are the stamps that I have collected．
3．We are discussing the question that was put forward by the principal lastweek．
二、当关系代词既修饰物又修饰人时，通常用关系代词that。
1．The train ran over a boy and a dog that while crossing the track．
2．I like the writers and books that you renind me the other day．
3．He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited．
三、当先行词被形容词或副词的最高级所修饰时，我们通常用关系代词that。
1．This is the best novel that I have ever read．
2．Beijing is the most beautiful city that has many places of interest．
3．It was the finest industrial exhibition that we ever saw．
四、当先行词被形容词the same修饰并且定语从句是限制性的，我们通常用that。
1．She is the same teacher that was praised the other day．
2．She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary's wedding．
3．He is doing the same job that he did last year．
但下面两句要注意辨析：①This is the same watch that I lost the other day．
（that关系代词表示同一块手表即原手表）
②This is the same watch as I lost the other day．
（as关系代词表示相类似的手表，不是原来的那块手表）
五、当定语从句的先行词是all，everything，nothing，anything，little，much，few，none或由any，no，every，same将构成的合成词时，我们通常用that。
1．Everything that can be done must be done．
2．Is there anything that I can do for you？
3．He talked much that was important．
六、在定语从句中当关系代词that作介词的宾语，介词必须放在它的后面。
1．The car that we came in ran over a dog．
2．This is the kind of life that he is used to．
3．Who is the comrade that you just shook hands with？
七、当先行词被the only，the very，the last，the most，the any，the next等修饰时我们通常用that．
1．This is the very book that you are interested in。
2．Mary is the only woman that we can safely depend on．
3．That is the last place that I want to visit．
八、当先行词被序数词所修饰时，我们通常用关系代词that。
1．Jack was the first one that reached the top of the mountain that day．
2．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan．
3．He is the third student who came to school this morning．
九、在定语从句中关系代词that可指人而which不能指人。
1．There is somebody that wants to see you．
2．I was the only person in my office that was invited．
3．A new master wi1l come tomorrow that will teach you German．
十、在定语从句中，当主句是特殊疑问词who，which等开头的问句，我们通常用关系代词that。
1．Which of us that is always 38 years old has been to Beijing？
2．Who is the person that is standing at the gate？
3．Who that has common sense will do such a thing？
