sulfur (also sulphur)
n. [U] a pale yellow nonmetallic element with a distinctive, unpleasant smell
硫磺
pact
n. [C] an agreement between two or more people or organizations in which they promise to do sth.
协定，协议，条约
a non-aggression pact
互不侵犯条约
They made a pact not to tell anyone.
他们有协定，不告诉任何人。
skeleton
n. 1. [C] the set of bones that supports a human or animal body, or a model of this
骨骼，骨架
the skeleton of a dinosaur
恐龙的骨骼
A long illness made a skeleton out of him.
长期的患病使他骨瘦如柴。
2. [C] framework of a building, plan or theory
骨架；纲要
I have written the skeleton of my report.
我已经写了报告的概要。
Her notes give us just the bare skeleton of her theory.
她的笔记只给我们提供了她的理论梗概。
stray
vi. wander from the right path or one's companion(s) or beyond proper limits; lose one's way
走失；迷路
She strayed from the road and got lost.
她走离了正路，迷途了。
Don't stray from the point.
不要离题乱扯。
quart
n. [C] a measure of capacity equal to two pints or about 1.14 liters
夸脱（容量单位，约等于2品脱或1.14公升）
snack
vi. (on) eat between meals
吃小食
I prefer to snack when I am traveling.
我旅游时喜欢吃小吃。
snack on sandwiches
吃点三明治当点心
n. [C] sth. eaten informally between meals
（正餐以外的）小吃，小食
The children have a mid-morning snack of milk and biscuits.
孩子们在早餐和午餐之间有牛奶和饼干作点心。
I only had time for some snack.
我只有时间吃点小食。
peanut
n. [C] a nut which grows in a shell under the ground, and can be eaten
花生
peanut oil
花生油
mercury
n. [U] heavy, silver-colored metal, usu. found in liquid form, and used in thermometers and barometers
水银, 汞
The mercury had fallen rapidly by morning.
早晨气温急剧下降.
The mercury stood at nearly 90℃.
温度将近九十度。
underestimate
vt. form too low an estimate of
低估，对……作过低的评价
Don't underestimate his strength. He has some influential friends in the government.
不要太低估他的实力。他在政府有一些有影响的朋友。
The fact that we underestimated our opponent led to our bitter defeat.
我们太低估了对手，结果造成了这次惨败。
humidity
n. [U] dampness, esp. of the air
湿度
ambient humidity
环境湿度
atmospheric humidity
大气湿度
nil
n. [U] nothing; zero
无；零
three goals to nil
三比零
The new machine reduced labor costs to almost nil.
新机器几乎把劳动成本降为零。
surpass
vt. go beyond, as in amount, quality or degree; exceed
（在数量、质量或程度上）超过，胜过
The result surpassed their hopes.
结果比他们所期望的要好。
The task surpassed his skill.
这工作非他的技术所能胜任。
radiate
vi. (from) (of light or heat) be emitted in rays
（光或热）辐射；发散
Heat radiated from the stove.
炉子散发热量。
vt. send out (light, heat, etc.)
发射（光、热等）
The electric heater radiated warmth.
电炉散发温暖。
The sun radiates light and heat.
太阳发出光和热。
dissipate
v. (cause to) disappear or scatter
驱散；（使）消散
The wind finally dissipated the smoke.
风最终驱散了烟雾。
The dark clouds finally dissipated.
乌云最后消散了。
muddy
a. full of or covered with mud
沾满泥的，泥泞的
muddy footprints left on the door
地板上留下的泥脚印
When it rains the ground becomes very muddy.
下雨时，地面变得很泥泞。
weird
a. strange; unnatural; mysterious
古怪的，离奇的；怪诞的
I had a weird dream last night.
昨天晚上我做了个奇怪的梦。
She always has some weird ideas.
她脑子中总是有一些怪诞的念头。
stumble
v. (须与on/upon 连用) find unexpectedly or by accident
偶然发现
I stumbled on the book when I was browsing a second-hand book market.
我在逛旧书市场时偶然发现了这本书。
Wherever I went, I stumbled upon people talking about the issue.
我走到哪里，都听到人们在谈论这件事。
endurance
n. [U] the ability to endure
（忍）耐力
Long-distance runners need great endurance.
长跑运动员需要有很大的耐力。
Now I have run out of my endurance.
我现在真是忍无可忍了。
gloomy
a. 1. having or giving little hope or cheerfulness; depressing
令人沮丧的，忧郁的
He always takes a gloomy view of his future.
他对前途总是悲观。
A gloomy mood hounded him all the week.
忧郁的心情困扰了他一周。
2. almost dark, esp. in an unpleasant way
幽暗的，阴暗的
a damp, gloomy day
潮湿而阴郁的一天
gloomy skies
阴沉的天空
gamble
v. 1. take a chance; engage in risky behavior
碰运气，冒险
You are gambling with your health by continuing to smoke.
你一直抽烟是把自己的健康当赌注。
You shouldn't gamble with your future.
你不应该拿你的前途作赌注。
2. play games of chance for money; take great risks for the chance of winning sth. or making a profit
赌博，投机
He spent all his time gambling in the casino.
他把时间都花在赌场里了。
He gambled all his winnings on the last race.
他把赢得的钱全压在最后一场赛马上了。
n. (sing.) a risky matter or act
冒险；担风险的事
It's a bit of gamble to invest in that business that stock prices would rise.
投资那桩生意是件担风险的事。
a military gamble
军事冒险
terrain
n. [C, U] a stretch of land, esp. with regard to its natural features
地形，地貌；地带
The guide climbed a tree to view the surrounding terrain.
向导爬上一棵树来察看周围的地形。
The commander had made a detailed study of the terrain.
指挥官对地形作了缜密的勘察。
litter
vt. 1. (with) make (a place) untidy with scattered rubbish or sth. similar
乱丢东西于……；使……一片凌乱
His room is always littered with everything, in the utmost confusion.
他的房间里扔得到处都是东西，一片狼籍。
Selfish picnickers litter the beach with food wrappers.
自私的野餐者乱扔食品包装纸，使海滩杂乱不堪。
n. [U] discarded rubbish; an untidy accumulation of objects
杂物；垃圾
Pick up your litter after camp.
宿营之后把你们丢下的垃圾拣起来。
They left behind litter after the picnic.
他们野餐后，留下一片垃圾。
quartz
n. [U] a hard mineral composed of silica
石英
quartz clock
石英钟
quartz glass
石英玻璃
stranded
a. left in a difficult position, esp. alone among dangers and unable to get away
处于困境的
The stranded travelers searched for shelter.
陷入困境的旅行者在寻找栖身之地。
The stranded migrants found themselves in a town without money or friends.
陷入困境的移民来到一个城镇，他们既没有钱, 也没有朋友。
rim
n. [C] the edge, border or margin, esp. of sth. circular
边缘，外缘
a pattern round the rim of a plate
盘子边缘的图案
The traveler stood on the canyon's rim to overlook the scene.
游客站在峡谷的边缘俯瞰下面的景色。
terrify
vt. fill with fear
使恐怖，惊吓
The animals were terrified by the storm.
动物被风暴吓坏了。
He was terrified out of his senses at the moving object in the dark.
他被那黑暗中移动的物体吓得魂不附体。
thorn
n. [C] a sharp-pointed growth on a plant, often on the stem
刺，棘
There's no rose without a thorn.
玫瑰皆有刺(快乐之中有痛苦)。
The thorns on the roses scratched her hands.
玫瑰上的刺划伤了她的手。
swap (also swop)
v. (round, over, for, with) exchange (goods or positions)
交换（商品或位置）
She swapped our chairs, so I had hers and she had mine.
她把我们俩的椅子对调了，因此我坐的是她的，她坐的是我的。
Will you swap your knife for this pen?
你愿意用刀子换我这支笔吗？
skip
vi. jump lightly and quickly
轻快地跳跃
skip over obstacles
跳过障碍物
a child skipping along the road
沿路蹦蹦跳跳的小孩
v. pass over or leave out
略过；遗漏
A newspaper reader can select what he is interested in and skip what he thinks is boring or irrelevant.
报纸读者可以选择自己感兴趣的新闻,略过自己认为是枯燥的或无关的消息。
I skipped lunch and went shopping instead.
我没吃午饭而就去买东西了。
zinc
n. [U] hard, bluish-white metal used in alloys and in coating iron sheets to give protection against rust
锌
intermittent
a. stopping and starting at intervals; not continuous
间歇的；断断续续的
This is an intermittent spring.
这是一个间歇泉。
The lighthouse gave off intermittent flashes of light.
灯塔发出一闪一闪的光。
cluster
n. [C] a number of things of the same kind growing closely together
丛；簇；束；串
a cluster of flowers
一簇花
ivy growing in thick clusters
成丛生长的常春藤
jog
vi. run at a slow, usu. steady pace
慢跑
Many old people go jogging in the park in the early morning.
大清早许多老年人到公园去慢跑。
He goes jogging every evening.
他每天晚上都慢跑。
push on
continue one's journey or march, advance
前进；继续旅程
The ship pushed on across the rough sea.
船在波涛汹涌的大海中向前行进。
After a short rest the travelers pushed on towards the coast.
短暂休息后，游客继续向海边前进。
attend to
look after; apply one's energy to; deal with
注意；照顾；处理
Don't worry; everything will be attended to in good time.
别着急，一切都会及时办理好的。
He foolishly left an inexperienced young assistant to attend to some very important customers.
他很蠢地留了一个没有经验的年轻店员来招呼一些很重要的客户。
feed on
take as food
以……为食
The gas turbine feeds on the fuel it pumps.
这台燃气轮机以它抽入的燃料为能源。
Pigs feed on just about everything.
猪几乎什么都吃。
well up
rise, like water in a well
涌出；涌现
Water wells up from a spring beneath a rock.
水从石下泉中涌出。
Anger welled up in me.
愤怒在我心中产生。
drop away
1. slope abruptly downward; fall away
突然低下；变陡峭
The cliff dropped away at his feet.
他脚下的悬崖一下子变得陡峭起来。
The land dropped steeply away into a small valley.
地面突然陡峭下去，延伸到了一个小山谷。
2. become weaker or smaller in amount
逐渐减少，逐渐下降
In autumn and winter the number of tourists to this summer resort will drop away.
秋冬两季到这个避暑胜地的游客数量逐渐减少了。
Support for him has been dropped away.
对他的支持在下降。
Death Valley
死亡谷（位于美国西南部，是世界最低和最干旱地区之一）
Mount Whitney
惠特尼山（美国加利福尼亚州东部）
