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Work Still Has Value 背景知识(background info)

1. Protestant
 Protestant is a member or follower of any of the Western Christian Churches that are separated from the Roman Catholic Church in accordance with the principles of the Reformations, including the Baptist, Presbyterian, and Lutheran Churches. For more detailed information, please visit the websites at http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12495a.htm and http://www.historicist.com/protestant_history.asp.


2. Great Depression
The Great Depression is the period of history that followed “Black Thursday”, the stock market crash of Thursday, October 24, 1929. The events in the United States triggered a world-wide depression, which led to deflation and a great increase in unemployment. On the global scale, the market crash in the US was a final straw in an already shaky world economic situation. Germany was suffering from hyperinflation of currency, and many of the Allied victors of World War I were having serious problems paying off huge war debts. In the late 1920s the American economy at first seemed immune to the mounting troubles, but with the start of the 1930s it crashed with startling rapidity. For more information, check out the websites at http://www.amatecon.com/greatdepression.html , http://www.korpios.org/resurgent/Timeline.htm , http://www.bergen.org/AAST/Projects/depression / . The web page at http://www.plainfield.k12.in.us/hschool/webq/webq1/webquest.htm can also be used for a student group project.


3. World War II
World War II, also called the Second World War, was a conflict that involved virtually every part of the world during the years 1939—1945. The principal parties were the Axis powers(轴心国)—Germany, Italy, and Japan — and the Allies(同盟国) — France, Great Britain, the United States, the Soviet Union and China. The war was in many respects a continuation of the conflicts left unsettled by World War I. The 40—50 million deaths in World War II make it the bloodiest conflict as well as the largest war in history. In particular, you may want to check out the World War II multimedia database at http://www.worldwar2database.com and the World War II fact book at http://www.skalman.nu/worldwar2 / where all the events are listed.


  4. South America
South America is the fourth largest of the Earth's seven continents (after Asia, Africa, and North America), occupying 17,820,900 sq km (6,880,700 sq mi), or 12 percent of the Earth's land surface. It lies astride the equator and tropic of Capricorn and is joined by the Isthmus of Panama, on the north, to Central and North America. The continent extends 7,400 km (4,600 mi) from the Caribbean Sea on the north to Cape Horn on the south, and its maximum width, between Ponta do Seixas, on Brazil's Atlantic coast, and Punta Parias, on Peru's Pacific coast, is 5,160 km (3,210 mi).
The website http://gosouthamerica.about. com/mbody. htm. offers some interesting information about South America.


5. Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud (1856—1939) was an Austrian physician, neurologist, and founder of psychoanalysis. Sigmund Freud was responsible for developing theories central to psychoanalysis, the psychology of human sexuality, and dream interpretation. Although his theories, published in the late 1800s, were quite controversial during his day, acceptance of his work did take place later in his life. Perhaps his most important contributions dealt with the connection between aberrant human behavior and the unconscious mind. To learn more about Freud, please visit the websites http://www.utm.edu/research/iep/f/freud.htm and http://www.freudfile.org. His ground-breaking work The Interpretation of Dreams can be found at http://www.psywww.com/books/interp/toc.htm.