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Scientists on the Threshold of Altering Our Descendants 背景知识(background info)

1. Gene Therapy
How does gene therapy work? In most gene therapy studies, a “normal” gene is inserted into the genome to replace an “abnormal”, disease-causing gene. Please check out the website at http://www.ornl.gov/hgmis/medicine/genetherapy.html for more information.


2. DNA
In genetics, there’s the method of isolating and making images of sequences of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸). The technique was developed in 1984 by the British geneticist Alec Jeffreys, after he noticed the existence of certain sequences of DNA (called minisatellites) that do not contribute to the function of a gene but are repeated within the gene and in other genes of a DNA sample. For more information about DNA, please visit http://www.dnaftb.org/dnaftb/.